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This chapter examines the pivotal relationship between e-planning applications and their organizational context. It employs various evaluation frameworks by searching explicit and implicit structures behind the implementation process. The study is largely based on the statement that 'the organizational and user dimension of implementation factors more than technical ones, constitute the main obstacles to the improvement of e-planning tools in urban planning agencies'. The empirical part of the study scrutinizes the personal and situational factors of users in the process of implementation, benefits and constraints of an e-planning implementation and planning practitioners' perception of new technologies on urban planning practice and debate. Using a case study research in Turkish local governments, the findings of this study reveal that the organizational and human aspects of high order information systems are still the biggest obstacle in the implementation process.

"This book is a pivotal reference source for the latest scholarly research on the role played by local governments in overall administration, types and models of government at the local level, consequences of managerial reformations, and new develops regarding structure, process, personnel, and policymaking aspects of government"--

"This book is a pivotal reference source for the latest scholarly research on the role played by local governments in overall administration, types and models of government at the local level, consequences of managerial reformations, and new develops regarding structure, process, personnel, and policymaking aspects of government"--

Since the end of 1980s, different sectors have implemented geographical information systems (GIS) in Turkey. A study on GIS market in Turkey indicates that municipalities are the primary customers (Gülersoy & Yigiter, 1999). One of the earliest GIS projects in Turkey began with the production of digital maps covering the boundaries of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality in 1987. Since 1994, a rapid development process has occurred with the widespread diffusion of GIS especially in universities and large public sector organizations respectively. However, the early city-wide municipal GIS projects were initiated only after 1996 (Ucuzal, 1999).

Turkey is one of the countries which has the lowest representation of women in local governments (LGs) in the world. While in many countries, women are more successful to participate in local political decision-making processes, the situation is vice versa in Turkey. The tendency of women to participate in politics at both national and local level is quite low in the country and this arises from several reasons such as the cultural and patriarchal structure of the country, the roles attributed to women by society, the insufficiency of women's education level etc. In this framework, this study aims to evaluate the representation of women in the LGs in Turkey. In this context, the theoretical framework is examined and the data and statistics regarding the issue are analyzed. Our analysis reveals that despite the efforts to increase the political representation of women in LGs, the invisibility of women in LGs is still a significant issue in the country.

Die Studie unterscheidet zwischen drei Formen lokaler Regierung in der Türkei: Provinz-, Stadt- und Dorfverwaltung. Alle drei basieren auf Gesetzen, die in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts entstanden und die heutige sozio-politische und sozio-ökonomische Realität außer Acht lassen. Die starke Zentralisierung der Türkei und die unzureichenden finanziellen Mittel wirken sich darüber hinaus negativ auf die lokale Regierung aus. Eine Verbesserung, schließt die Studie, sei nur durch umfangreiche politische Reformen zu erreichen. (DÜI-Mjr)

"Submitted September, 1944." ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

COVER -- CONTENTS -- ILLUSTRATIONS AND FEATURES -- PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- ABOUT THE AUTHOR -- GUIDE TO LEARNING FEATURES -- GUIDE TO THE WEBSITE -- LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS -- 1 COMPARING GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS -- PREVIEW -- OVERVIEW -- WHAT IS COMPARATIVE POLITICS? -- WHY DO WE COMPARE? -- WHAT DO WE COMPARE? -- HOW DO WE COMPARE? -- CLASSIFYING POLITICAL SYSTEMS -- COMPARING ECONOMIES -- COMPARING SOCIETIES -- THE FUTURE OF COMPARATIVE GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS -- DISCUSSION QUESTIONS -- CHAPTER CONCEPTS -- KEY TERMS -- COMPARATIVE GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS ONLINE -- FURTHER READING -- 2 POLITICAL SYSTEMS -- PREVIEW -- OVERVIEW -- POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT -- POLITICAL CULTURE -- CONSTITUTIONS -- EXECUTIVES -- LEGISLATURES -- JUDICIARIES -- SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENT -- ELECTIONS -- POLITICAL PARTIES -- THE FUTURE OF POLITICAL SYSTEMS -- DISCUSSION QUESTIONS -- KEY TERMS -- POLITICAL SYSTEMS ONLINE -- FURTHER READING -- 3 UNITED KINGDOM -- PREVIEW -- OVERVIEW -- POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT -- POLITICAL CULTURE -- POLITICAL SYSTEM -- POLITICAL PROCESSES -- THE FUTURE OF BRITISH GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS -- DISCUSSION QUESTIONS -- CHAPTER CONCEPTS -- KEY TERMS -- UNITED KINGDOM ONLINE -- FURTHER READING -- 4 GERMANY -- PREVIEW -- OVERVIEW -- POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT -- POLITICAL CULTURE -- POLITICAL SYSTEM -- POLITICAL PROCESSES -- THE FUTURE OF GERMAN GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS -- DISCUSSION QUESTIONS -- CHAPTER CONCEPTS -- KEY TERMS -- GERMANY ONLINE -- FURTHER READING -- 5 UNITED STATES -- PREVIEW -- OVERVIEW -- POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT -- POLITICAL CULTURE -- POLITICAL SYSTEM -- POLITICAL PROCESSES -- THE FUTURE OF AMERICAN GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS -- DISCUSSION QUESTIONS -- CHAPTER CONCEPTS -- KEY TERMS -- THE UNITED STATES ONLINE -- FURTHER READING -- 6 JAPAN -- PREVIEW -- OVERVIEW -- POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT -- POLITICAL CULTURE -- POLITICAL SYSTEM.

This book investigates how the internet is being used as a tool for comprehensively modernizing local government.